Oxygen depletion in giant planets with different formation histories

The atmospheric C/O ratio of exoplanets is widely used to constrain their formation. To guarantee that the provides robust information, we need accurately quantify amount C and O in exoplanetary atmospheres. In case O, water carbon monoxide are generally studied as two key carriers. However, oxygen a very reactive element does not bind with carbon; depending on temperature, it also binds refractory elements. Estimating bound elements therefore critical for unbiased estimates ratio. this work, investigate deficit due its effects giant function metallicity equilibrium temperature. We model composition planetary atmospheres assuming chemical using input physically justified elemental mixtures arising from detailed planet formation simulations. Our results show how interplay between temperature non-solar abundances can sequester large fractions oxygen, introducing significant biases evaluating when effect accounted for. apply our Jupiter Solar System currently estimated abundance points true four times solar one.